Alpha power oscillation in the frontal cortex under Bromazepam and Modafinil effects

Our aim was to investigate and compare the neuromodulatory effects of bromazepam (6 mg) and modafinil (200 mg) during a sensorimotor task analyzing the changes produced in the absolute alpha power.

Method

The sample was composed of 15 healthy individuals exposed to three experimental conditions: placebo, modafinil and bromazepam. EEG data were recorded before, during and after the execution of the task. A three-way ANOVA was applied, in order to compare the absolute alpha power among the factors: Group (control, bromazepam and modafinil) Condition (Pre and Post-drug ingestion) and Moment (pre and post-stimulus).

Results

Interaction was found between the group and condition factors for Fp1, F4 and F3. We observed a main effect of moment and condition for the Fp2, F8 and Fz electrodes.

Conclusion

We concluded that drugs may interfere in sensorimotor processes, such as in the performance of tasks carried out in an unpredictable scenario.

electroencephalography; central nervous system agents; brain mapping

Authorship

Danielle Aprigio

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Neurofisiologia e Neuropsicologia da Atenção, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Washington Adolfo

Juliana Bittencourt

Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Universidade Veiga de AlmeidaBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Instituto de Neurociência Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Instituto de Neurociência AplicadaBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInstituto de Neurociência Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Mariana Gongora

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Mapeamento Cerebral e Integração Sensorial Motor, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Mapeamento Cerebral e Integração Sensorial Motor, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Silmar Teixeira

Universidade Federal do Piauí, Mapeamento Cerebral e Laboratório de Plasticidade, Parnaíba PI, Brazil;Universidade Federal do PiauíBrazilParnaíba, PI, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Piauí, Mapeamento Cerebral e Laboratório de Plasticidade, Parnaíba PI, Brazil;

Luis Fernando Basile

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Divisão de Neurocirurgia, São Paulo SP, Brazil;Universidade de São PauloBrazilSão Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Divisão de Neurocirurgia, São Paulo SP, Brazil;

Universidade Metodista de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicologia e Fonoaudiologia, Laboratório de Psicofisiologia, São Bernardo do Campo SP, Brazil;Universidade Metodista de São PauloBrazilSão Bernardo do Campo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Metodista de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicologia e Fonoaudiologia, Laboratório de Psicofisiologia, São Bernardo do Campo SP, Brazil;

Henning Budde

Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;Faculty of Human SciencesGermanyHamburg, GermanyFaculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;

Sport Science, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.Reykjavik UniversityIcelandReykjavik, IcelandSport Science, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.

Mauricio Cagy

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Pedro Ribeiro

Instituto de Neurociência Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Instituto de Neurociência AplicadaBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInstituto de Neurociência Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Educação Física, Departamento de Biociência, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Educação Física, Departamento de Biociência, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Bruna Velasques

Instituto de Neurociência Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Instituto de Neurociência AplicadaBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInstituto de Neurociência Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Correspondence
: Bruna Velasques; Av. Venceslau Brás, 71/Fundos; 22290-140 Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil; E-mail:bruna_velasques@yahoo.com.br

Conflict of interest: There is no conflict of interest to declare.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Universidade Veiga de AlmeidaBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniversidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Instituto de Neurociência Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;Instituto de Neurociência AplicadaBrazilRio de Janeiro, RJ, BrazilInstituto de Neurociência Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brazil;

Faculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;Faculty of Human SciencesGermanyHamburg, GermanyFaculty of Human Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;

Sport Science, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.Reykjavik UniversityIcelandReykjavik, IcelandSport Science, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.

Figures

Figures (3)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Mean and standard deviation of absolute alpha power over frontal cortex. The figure illustrates the group and condition factors interaction. (A) for Fp1 the statistical analysis revealed that pre and post conditions differs for Modafinil and Bromazepam groups (p < 0.05); (B) for F3 the statistical analysis revealed that pre and post conditions differs for Modafinil group (p < 0.05); (C) for F4 the statistical analysis revealed that pre and post conditions differs for Modafinil group (p < 0.05).

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Mean and standard deviation of absolute alpha power over frontal cortex. The figure illustrates the main effect for condition. (A) for Fp2 the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power after drug ingestion (p < 0.05); (B) for F8 the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power after drug ingestion (p < 0.05); (C) for Fz the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power after drug ingestion (p < 0.05).

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Mean and standard deviation of absolute alpha power over frontal cortex. The figure illustrates the main effect for moment. (A) for Fp2 the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power before stimulus presentation (p < 0.05); (B) for F8 the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power before stimulus presentation (p < 0.05); (C) for Fz the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power before stimulus presentation (p < 0.05).

Figure 1 Mean and standard deviation of absolute alpha power over frontal cortex. The figure illustrates the group and condition factors interaction. (A) for Fp1 the statistical analysis revealed that pre and post conditions differs for Modafinil and Bromazepam groups (p < 0.05); (B) for F3 the statistical analysis revealed that pre and post conditions differs for Modafinil group (p < 0.05); (C) for F4 the statistical analysis revealed that pre and post conditions differs for Modafinil group (p < 0.05).

Figure 2 Mean and standard deviation of absolute alpha power over frontal cortex. The figure illustrates the main effect for condition. (A) for Fp2 the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power after drug ingestion (p < 0.05); (B) for F8 the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power after drug ingestion (p < 0.05); (C) for Fz the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power after drug ingestion (p < 0.05).

Figure 3 Mean and standard deviation of absolute alpha power over frontal cortex. The figure illustrates the main effect for moment. (A) for Fp2 the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power before stimulus presentation (p < 0.05); (B) for F8 the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power before stimulus presentation (p < 0.05); (C) for Fz the statistical analysis revealed higher absolute alpha power before stimulus presentation (p < 0.05).

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Alpha power oscillation in the frontal cortex under Bromazepam and Modafinil effects

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[1] Correspondence
: Bruna Velasques; Av. Venceslau Brás, 71/Fundos; 22290-140 Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil; E-mail:bruna_velasques@yahoo.com.br