Evaluation of Stress Distribution in Endodontically Weakened Teeth Restored with Different Crown Materials: 3D-FEA Analysis

Moris, Izabela C. M.; Moscardini, Carolina Alves; Moura, Luana Kelle Batista; Silva-Sousa, Yara Teresinha Corrêa; Gomes, Erica Alves

doi:10.1590/0103-6440201701829

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Articles • Braz. Dent. J. 28 (6) • Nov-Dec 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201701829 copy

Evaluation of Stress Distribution in Endodontically Weakened Teeth Restored with Different Crown Materials: 3D-FEA Analysis

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This study evaluated the stress distribution in endodontically treated teeth, weakened (W) or not weakened (NW), restored with different materials of prosthetic crown using 3D-FEA. Models of a maxillary canine were constructed based on micro-CT images and divided into the groups: G1 (control) - sound tooth; G2 to G7 - endodontically treated teeth restored with glass fiber post (GFP); which G2 to G4 simulated NW root and G5 to G7 simulated W root. For crown material the teeth were restored with: G2 and G5: metallic coping and ceramic veneering, G3 and G6: zirconia coping and ceramic veneering, G4 and G7: alumina coping and ceramic veneering. Load of 180 N was applied at the incisal third of lingual surface at 45º. Models were supported by the periodontal ligament (x=y=z=0). The von Mises stress (VMS) values were calculated. The W teeth presented higher VMS at coping when compared to NW teeth and group G1 showed lower VMS value. For crown material, for both W or NW teeth, increasing VMS was found at metallic, zirconia and alumina coping, respectively. Metallic coping showed a better performance despite its unfavorable esthetics, suggesting as an appropriate material for prosthetic restoration of endodontically treated teeth.

Key Words:
endodontically treated teeth; weakened; ceramic; finite element analysis

E (GPa)	v	Shear modulus (GPa)	Reference
X = 37.0	Xy = 0.27	Gxy = 3.1	Lanza et al. ²¹21 Lanza, A; Aversa, R; Rengo, S; Apicella, D; Apicella, A. 2005. 3D FEA of cemented steel, glass and carbon posts in a maxillary incisor. Dent Mater 2005;21:709-715.
Y = 9.5	Xz = 0.34	Gxz = 3.5
Z = 9.5	Yz = 0.27	Gyz = 3.1

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[1] Correspondence: Profa. Dra. Erica Alves Gomes, Avenida Costábile Romano, 2201, 14096-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. Tel: + 55-16-3603-7000. e-mail: ericaagomes@yahoo.com.br

Groups	Material
G1 (Control)	Sound tooth
G2	Endodontically treated root restored with glass fiber post and porcelain-fused-to-metal crown
G3	Endodontically treated root restored with glass fiber post and all-ceramic crown with zirconia coping
G4	Endodontically treated root restored with glass fiber post and all-ceramic crown with alumina coping
G5	Enlarged endodontically treated root restored with glass fiber post and porcelain-fused-to-metal crown
G6	Enlarged endodontically treated root restored with glass fiber post and all-ceramic crown with zirconia coping
G7	Enlarged endodontically treated root restored with glass fiber post and all-ceramic crown with alumina coping

Material	E (GPa)	v	Reference
Resin cement	18.6	0.28	Sorretino et al. ⁽¹³13 Sorrentino, R; Aversa, R; Ferro, V; Auriemma, T; Zarone, F; Ferrari, M; et al. 2007. Three-dimensional finite element analysis of strain and stress distributions in endodontically treated maxillary central incisors restored with different post, core and crown materials. Dent Mat 2007;23:983-993.
Ceramic	69.0	0.30	Dejak & Młotkowski ⁽¹⁴⁾14 Dejak, B; Młotkowski, A. The influence of ferrule effect and length of cast and FRC posts on the stresses in anterior teeth. Dent Mat 2013;29:e227-e237.
Metallic coping	200.0	0.33	Pierrisnard et al. ⁽¹⁵⁾15 Pierrisnard, L; Bohin, F; Renault, P; Barquins, M. Corono-radicular reconstruction of pulpless teeth: a mechanical study using finite element analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2002;88:442-448.
Zirconia coping	269.0	0.25	Imanishi et al. ⁽¹⁶⁾16 Imanishi, A; Nakamura, T; Ohyama, T; Nakamura, T. 3-D Finite element analysis of all-ceramic posterior crowns. J Oral Rehabil 2003;30:818-822.
Alumina coping	418.0	0.22	Jones et al. ⁽¹⁷⁾17 Jones, DW; Jones, PA; Wilson, HJ. The modulus of elasticity of dental ceramics. Dent Pract Dent Rec 1972;22:170-173.
Composite resin	12.0	0.30	Ausiello et al. ⁽¹⁸⁾18 Ausiello, P; Apicella, A; Davidson, CL. Effect of adhesive layer properties on stress distribution in composite restorations - a 3D finite element analysis. Dent Mater 2002;18:295-303.
Dentin	18.6	0.31	Reinhardt et al. ⁽¹⁹⁾19 Reinhardt, RA; Krejci, RF; Pao, YC; Stannard, JG. Dentin stresses in post-reconstructed teeth with diminishing bone support. J Dent Res 1983;62:1002-1008.
Periodontal ligament	6.89 × 10^-5	0.45	Reinhardt et al. ⁽¹⁹⁾19 Reinhardt, RA; Krejci, RF; Pao, YC; Stannard, JG. Dentin stresses in post-reconstructed teeth with diminishing bone support. J Dent Res 1983;62:1002-1008.
Gutta-percha	1.4 × 10^-1	0.45	Friedman et al. ⁽²⁰⁾20 Friedman, CM; Sandrik, JL; Heuer, MA; Rapp, GW. Composition and mechanical properties of gutta-percha endodontic points. J Dent Res 1975;54:921-925.

Structures	G1	G2	G3	G4	G5	G6	G7
Ceramic	31.02	108.0	108.0	108.0	75.0	75.0	75.0
Coping	-	7.8	28.8	42.0	9.1	37.0	53.0
Composite resin core	-	1.0	1.7	2.0	2.2	3.6	5.9
Glass fiber post	-	2.82	2.8	2,8	2.9	2.9	2.9
Root dentin	-	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0
Cement	-	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.1	4.1
PDL	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.4	0.4