Toxicological Effects of Synthesized Pyrazoline Derivative 4-(3-(4-Bromophenyl))-5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) Benzenesulfonamide, Compound B8 on Antioxidant Enzymes and Hematological Parameters of Rainbow Trout Alevins (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

The toxicological effects of a synthesized pyrazoline derivative 4-(3-(4-bromophenyl))-5 (3,4 dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzene sulfonamide, compound B8, on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were evaluated by following the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the hematological parameters. Fish were exposed to variant doses (0.5, 1, and 2.5 mg L^-1) of the compound B8 for 48 h. Antioxidant enzymes and activities were measured, and the obtained data were statistically analyzed. Our results showed that concentration at 1 mg L^-1 significantly increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (p < 0.05) in the liver and gills of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), while glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly decreased. The increase in MDA levels in the liver and gill could be related to tissue damage induced by oxidative stress after exposure to compound B8. Significant increases in white blood cell count (WBCs), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations (MCHC) were obtained (p < 0.05). Moreover, significant decreases were observed in erythrocyte numbers, hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit levels, and platelet numbers (p < 0.05). The results showed that exposure to high doses (2.5 mg L^-1) of the compound B8 caused oxidative stress in the liver and gills of fish and may lead to acute anemia.

Keywords:
antioxidant enzymes; malondialdehyde; pyrazoline; glutathione peroxidase