While the literature on democratization has devoted considerable attention to the concept of modes of transition, the attempts to explain the prospects of democratic consolidation as a consequence of the mode of transition have been inconclusive. Revisiting this debate, this article argues that the mode of transition affects the pattern of elite competition, the institutional rules that are crafted during the period of transition, and the disposition of key actors to accept or reject the new rules of the game. This argument is substantiated through a cross-regional comparison encompassing the cases of Argentina, Brazil Chile, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland.