RETURN MIGRATION TO THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID NORTHERN REGION

Oliveira, Herick Cidarta Gomes de; Costa, Jose Vilton; Ojima, Ricardo

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Articles • Mercator (Fortaleza) 18 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.4215/rm2019.e18023 copy

RETURN MIGRATION TO THE BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID NORTHERN REGION

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

In a strict sense, the migrant to return is understood by the individual who left their region of birth, he resided for some time in a different region and with certain time returns to its place of origin. In this context, the objective of this study was to analyze the process of return migration in the municipalities of the northern brazilian semiarid (SemiSet), between the periods 1995/2000 and 2005/2010 and estimate the return flows in the region. This region is composed by 755 municipalities, located above the São Francisco river, in the states of Rio Grande do Norte, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Piauí. We used the Demographic Censuses of 2000 and 2010, which adopted the criterion "fixed date" for definition of the returnees. It has been observed that in relation to the region of origin (former residence) of returnees, in the period 1995/2000 predominated the return of individuals from the Southeastern region of the country. In the period 2005/2010, reverses the position between the Southeast and Northeast, with a reduction of 29% of those who came from the East and an increase of 48% between the returned from the own Northeast.

Keywords:
migration; return migration; semiarid northern

Period	UF	Population	I	E	SM	IEM	TLM	TLI	TLE
1995/2000	PI	970.489	33.965	44.038	- 10.073	-0,13	-1,04	3,50	4,54
	CE	4.216.674	162.495	174.579	- 12.084	-0,04	-0,29	3,85	4,14
	RN	1.604.343	47.861	69.020	- 21.159	-0,18	-1,32	2,98	4,30
	PB	1.970.302	60.342	105.394	- 45.052	-0,27	-2,29	3,06	5,35
	PE	3.246.659	106.383	143.290	- 36.907	-0,15	-1,14	3,28	4,41
	AL	843.945	27.693	54.499	- 26.806	-0,33	-3,18	3,28	6,46
	SemiSet	12.852.412	438.739	590.820	- 152.081	-0,15	-1,18	3,41	4,60

2005/2010	PI	1.045.538	27.645	59.651	- 32.006	-0,37	-3,06	2,64	5,71
	CE	4.724.731	133.574	178.847	- 45.273	-0,14	-0,96	2,83	3,79
	RN	1.764.742	50.241	60.727	- 10.486	-0,09	-0,59	2,85	3,44
	PB	2.092.420	54.715	91.164	- 36.450	-0,25	-1,74	2,61	4,36
	PE	3.655.837	106.035	125.187	- 19.151	-0,08	-0,52	2,90	3,42
	AL	900.539	25.972	54.372	- 28.400	-0,35	-3,15	2,88	6,04
	SemiSet	14.183.807	398.181	569.948	- 171.767	-0,18	-1,21	2,81	4,02

Period	UF Source	Destination Region
Period	UF Source	Total	North	Northeast ^⬩	Southeast	South	Midwest
1995/2000	PI	44,038	3.7%	34.2%	41.4%	0.7%	20.0%
	CE	174,579	5.0%	48.4%	38.5%	1.1%	7.0%
	RN	69,020	2.1%	67.9%	22.0%	1.4%	6.5%
	PB	105,394	2.7%	39.0%	48.3%	1.3%	8.7%
	PE	143,290	3.1%	40.9%	49.1%	0.9%	5.9%
	AL	54,499	1.5%	46.4%	48.2%	1.2%	2.7%
	SemiSet	590,820	3.4%	45.9%	42.0%	1.1%	7.6%

2005/2010	PI	59,651	3.1%	25.0%	49.5%	1.1%	21.3%
	CE	178,847	3.5%	44.8%	42.1%	2.8%	6.8%
	RN	60,727	2.4%	72.2%	17.5%	1.3%	6.6%
	PB	91,164	1.9%	36.8%	50.8%	2.4%	8.1%
	PE	125,187	2.5%	42.1%	47.3%	2.5%	5.6%
	AL	54,372	1.0%	40.8%	49.8%	2.3%	6.0%
	SemiSet	569,948	2.6%	43.4%	43.5%	2.3%	8.2%

Period	Total population	Non-migrants	Total Immigrants	Return Immigrant	Reason returned / immigrant
1995/2000	12,852,412	9,325,923	438,739	134,876	30.7
2005/2010	14,183,807	10,002,350	398,181	141,321	35.5

Period	UF Return	Region of Origin
Period	UF Return	Total	North	Northeast ^⬩	Southeast	South	Midwest	IGN ^* * IGN - Did not have place of origin information.
1995/2000	PI	12,957	4.8%	24.1%	57.2%	1.3%	12.1%	0.6%
	CE	49,788	4.7%	40.0%	46.2%	1.5%	6.6%	1.0%
	RN	12,134	5.6%	50.0%	36.1%	1.1%	6.8%	0.3%
	PB	23,204	2.5%	29.9%	57.7%	1.0%	7.8%	1.1%
	PE	29,398	2.0%	37.2%	54.7%	1.1%	3.9%	1.1%
	AL	7,394	1.5%	44.0%	49.0%	1.5%	2.8%	1.1%
	SemiSet	134,876	3.7%	37.3%	50.4%	1.3%	6.5%	0.9%
2005/2010	PI	9,773	3.5%	32.3%	45.6%	1.2%	17.3%	0.6%
	CE	53,549	3.6%	61.9%	28.6%	1.0%	4.8%	1.0%
	RN	17,473	1.4%	72.6%	20.3%	0.9%	4.7%	0.3%
	PB	21,084	2.0%	37.5%	51.9%	1.9%	6.8%	1.1%
	PE	30,748	1.5%	52.9%	41.4%	0.8%	3.1%	1.1%
	AL	8,694	1.7%	55.2%	39.8%	1.1%	2.0%	1.1%
	SemiSet	141,321	2.5%	55.2%	35.7%	1.1%	5.4%	0.9%

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E-mail: edantas@ufc.br

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[1] (*)CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Address: UFPB, Via Expressa Padre Zé, 289, CEP: 58051-900, João Pessoa (PB), Brasil. Tel: (+55 83) 32167176. E-mail:E-mail: hcidarta@hotmail.com.