Production of irrigated cherry tomatoes in economical planting beds with mulching

Santos, Roberto E. dos; Ferraz, Edimir X. L.; Nascimento, Antônio H. C. do; Lira, Raquele M. de; Vasconcelos, Isaac L. S. de; Santana, Irlândio de S.; Sá, Carlos A. de S.

doi:10.1590/1983-21252023v36n418rc

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Agricultural Engineering • Rev. Caatinga 36 (4) • Oct-Dec 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n418rc copy

Production of irrigated cherry tomatoes in economical planting beds with mulching

Produção de tomate-cereja irrigado utilizando canteiros econômicos com mulching

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Technologies that improve water use efficiency (WUE) and increase crop yields are essential for the development of a responsible and productive agriculture. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate economical planting beds with the use of mulching and application of different irrigation water depths as a water-saving technology, and determine the irrigation water depth that promote the optimal plant development and fruit yield and quality of two cherry tomato cultivars. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil. A randomized block experimental design with split-plots (5×2) was used, with plots consisting of five irrigation water depths (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, and 125% of the crop evapotranspiration - ET_c) and subplots consisting of two cherry tomato cultivars (Carolina and Yubi), with four replications, totaling

40 experimental units. The development of tomato plants was evaluated through biometric measurements of stem diameter, plant height, and canopy area. Additionally, the following variables were evaluated during fruit harvest: number of fruits, mean fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit yield, WUE, titratable acidity, pH, and soluble solids content. The economical planting beds promoted increases in WUE. Irrigation water depths lower than 100% of ET_c resulted in better plant development and higher fruit yield, number of fruits, and WUE for the evaluated cherry tomato plants. The cultivar Carolina exhibited higher production performance compared to Yubi.

Keywords
Water use efficiency; Crop evapotranspiration; Semiarid

pH	EC	Al³⁺	H+Al	K	Ca	Mg	Na	P	Fe	Cu	Zn	Mn	B
	dS m^-1	Cmolc dm^-3						mg dm^-3
7.2	5.84	0	0.2	1.15	9.3	3.5	0.47	520	22.6	1.7	3.1	14.4	3.6

SV		PH	SD	CA
SV	DF		Mean square
		15 days after planting
Block	3	13.906^ns	1.600^ns	0.0004^ns
ET_c (E)	4	4.155^ns	1.051^ns	0.0002^ns
Error 1	12	4.278	1.181	0.0003
Cultivar (C)	1.0	3.854^ns	7.041^ and	0.0001^ns
E×C	4	2.184^ns	1.009^ns	0.0003^ns
Error 2	15	2.071	0.5821	0.0001
CV 1 (%)	-	8.66	13.70	27.58
CV 2 (%)	-	6.02	9.62	14.32
		30 days after planting
Block	3	2.230^ns	0.354^ns	0.0002^ns
ETc (E)	4	3.550^ns	0.263^ns	0.0010^ns
Error 1	12	7.440	0.975	0.0072
Cultivar (C)	1.0	330.49^ and	8.957^ and	0.0009^ns
E×C	4	5.410^ns	1.191^ns	0.0008^ns
Error 2	15	9.130	0.546	0.0003
CV 1 (%)	-	7.91	9.12	16.14
CV 2 (%)	-	8.76	6.82	9.30
		45 days after planting
Block	3	16.400^ns	0.421^ns	0.003^ns
ETc (E)	4	6.300^ns	0.451^ns	0.010^ns
Error 1	12	21.400	1.283	0.007
Cultivar (C)	1.0	3868.100^ and	24.403^ and	0.038^* * = significant at 1% and 5% probability level by the F test, respectively; SV = source of variation; DF = degrees of freedom; CV = coefficient of variation; ETc = irrigation water depth based on crop evapotranspiration percentages.
E×C	4	17.100^ns	0.620^ns	0.002^ns
Error 2	15	18.700	1.066	0.009
CV 1 (%)	-	9.67	8.78	29.19
CV 2 (%)	-	9.04	8.00	32.83
		60 days after planting
Block	3	24.100^ns	2.248^ns	0.056^ns
ETc (E)	4	35.800^ns	4.233^* * = significant at 1% and 5% probability level by the F test, respectively; SV = source of variation; DF = degrees of freedom; CV = coefficient of variation; ETc = irrigation water depth based on crop evapotranspiration percentages.	0.181^* * = significant at 1% and 5% probability level by the F test, respectively; SV = source of variation; DF = degrees of freedom; CV = coefficient of variation; ETc = irrigation water depth based on crop evapotranspiration percentages.
Error 1	12	25.700	1.085	0.041
Cultivar (C)	1.0	6271.700^ and	48.548^ and	1.228^ and
E×C	4	60.200^ns	1.491^ns	0.082^ns
Error 2	15	28.100	1.519	0.037
CV 1 (%)	-	8.40	6.70	35.09
CV 2 (%)	-	8.79	7.93	33.06

SV	DF	NF	FW	FD	YIELD	WUE	TA	pH	°Brix
SV	DF				Mean square
Block	3	31531^ns	0.0001^ns	2.935^ns	0.593^ns	21.33^ns	0.491^ns	0.327^ns	0.168^ns
ET_c (E)	4	368163^ and	0.0010^ns	5.316^ns	1.983^* * = significant at 1% and 5% probability level by the F test, respectively; SV = source of variation; DF = degrees of freedom; CV = coefficient of variation; ETc = irrigation water depth based on crop evapotranspiration percentages.	695.88^ and	1.153^ns	0.151^ns	0.400^ns
Error 1	12	54479	0.0007	4.244	0.557	44.73	0.593	0.130	0.371
Cultivar (C)	1.0	1407000^ and	0.0126^ and	124.609^ and	0.044^ns	16.78^ns	41.168^ and	0.083^ns	0.001^ns
E×C	4	1763^ns	0.0003^ns	1.603^ns	0.040^ns	7.66^ns	0.833^ns	0.643^ns	0.102^ns
Error 2	15	45960	0.0008	1.697	0.246	64.55	0.926	0.350	0.187
CV 1 (%)	15	21.06	30.67	9.11	32.75	30.57	12.05	8.68	8.99
CV 2 (%)	-	19.35	31.53	5.76	21.78	36.72	15.06	14.24	6.39

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[1] Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest related to the publication of this manuscript.