Experiencias religiosas/espirituales, calidad de vida y satisfacción con la vida de octogenarios hospitalizados

Okuno, Meiry Fernanda Pinto; Costa, Karina Aparecida Lopes da; Barbosa, Dulce Aparecida; Belasco, Angélica Gonçalves Silva

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Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Rev. Bras. Enferm. 75 (1) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-1099 copiar

Experiencias religiosas/espirituales, calidad de vida y satisfacción con la vida de octogenarios hospitalizados

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMEN

Objetivos:

evaluar índices de calidad de vida (CV) y satisfacción con la vida (SV) y verificar si la frecuencia de experiencias religiosas y espirituales está asociada a CV y SV en octogenarios hospitalizados.

Método:

transversal, 128 octogenarios. Instrumentos y escalas de calidad de vida de la Organización Mundial de la Salud aplicados: Experiencia Espiritual Diaria (EDEE) y Satisfacción con la Vida (ESV).

Resultados:

dominios más comprometidos relacionados con CV y VS: autonomía y capacidad física. Cuanto mayor sea la puntuación EDEE, mayores serán las puntuaciones en los dominios psicológico y pasado, presente y futuro de calidad de vida. Cuanto mayor sea la puntuación en la EDEE, mayor será la puntuación en el aspecto de implicación social de la ESV.

Conclusión:

los resultados de este estudio mostraron que la mayor frecuencia de experiencias religiosas y espirituales de los ancianos hospitalizados se asoció con una mejor CV y SS. Se enfatiza que las experiencias religiosas y espirituales deben ser exploradas en el contexto terapéutico hospitalario.

Descriptores:
Anciano; Envejecimiento; Espiritualidad; Atención de Enfermería; Calidad de Vida

WHOQOL-BREF^* * WHOQOL-BREF = abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Group instrument; domains	Scores - mean (standard deviation)	WHOQOL-OLD facets^† † WHOQOL-OLD= World Health Organization Quality of Life Group project.	Scores - mean (standard deviation)
Physical	45.06 (15.67)	Sensory ability	51.03 (23.12)
Psychological	58.40 (15.48)	Autonomy	48.73 (20.46)
Social relations	65.89 (15.94)	Past, present, and future activities	60.40 (17.45)
Environment	57.06 (11.53)	Social participation	53.32 (19.45)
		Death and dying	57.13 (28.61)
		Intimacy	69.97 (18.11)

WHOQOL-BREF^* * WHOQOL-BREF = abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Group instrument; domains		Daily Spiritual Experience Scale
Physical	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.10
Physical	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level.	0.2652
Psychological	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.30
Psychological	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level.	0.0006
Social relationships	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.29
Social relationships	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level.	0.0009
Environment	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.24
Environment	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level.	0.0074
Perception of quality of life	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.05
Perception of quality of life	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level.	0.5651
Satisfaction with health	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.03
Satisfaction with health	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level.	0.7618

WHOQOL-OLD facets^* * WHOQOL-OLD = World Health Organization Quality of Life Group project to assess elderly's quality of life;		Daily Spiritual Experience Scale
Sensory ability	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.07
Sensory ability	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level;	0.4172
Autonomy	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.10
Autonomy	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level;	0.2713
Past, present, and future activities	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.28
Past, present, and future activities	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level;	0.0016
Social participation	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.14
Social participation	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level;	0.1054
Death and dying	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	0.15
Death and dying	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level;	0.0992
Intimacy	R^† † R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.45
Intimacy	p value^‡ ‡ p value = significance level;	< ^§ § <= minor. 0.0001

Satisfaction With Life Scale aspects	Mean (standard deviation)
Physical health	2.69 (0.79)
Mental health	3.41 (0.81)
Physical capacity	2.63 (0.80)
Social involvement	3.01 (0.87)
Total score	2.93 (0.85)

Satisfaction With Life Scale aspects		Daily Spiritual Experience Scale
Mental health	R^* * R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.14
Mental health	p value^† † p value = significance level.	0.1115
Physical capacity	R^* * R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.05
Physical capacity	p value^† † p value = significance level.	0.5460
Social involvement	R^* * R = Spearman's correlation coefficient;	-0.28
Social involvement	p value^† † p value = significance level.	0.0014

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[1] Corresponding author: Karina Aparecida Lopes da Costa. karina.costa@unifesp.br