Abstract

The emigration of Mexicans has been predominantly in working and reproductive ages, to this contingent have been added over time the so-called “childhood arrivals” characterized by having entered the United States when they were minors. Some have been established permanently through legal means; others, on the other hand, remain with irregular residence status, a situation that implies different opportunities in their personal and professional development, and integration into American society. We observe that even among the non-naturalized, the early arrival age favors changes in the human capital of Mexican immigrants and diversifies their occupational participation, maximizing the possibilities of integration and their contribution to the society of residence. US citizenship obtained by naturalization is a better predictor of integration as it allows them access to political and social rights and reduces wage inequality.

Keywords
childhood arrivals; dreamers; Mexicans; United States; integration