Permanences and changes in the production structure of agriculture in Parana, 2006-2017

Cunha, Marina Silva da

doi:10.1590/1806-9479.2023.277000en

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Article • Rev. Econ. Sociol. Rural 62 (4) • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9479.2023.277000en copy

Permanences and changes in the production structure of agriculture in Parana, 2006-2017

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The objective of this work is to analyze the dynamics of changes in the productive structure of agriculture in the State of Paraná, based on information from the 2006 and 2017 Agricultural Censuses. Multivariate analyzes, factorial and cluster, were used to characterize temporal changes and spatial, considering twenty indicators of the modernization of agriculture associated with land use, technology and capitalization, labor and condition of the producer and establishments. The research results show significant transformations in agriculture in the State of Paraná, but still favoring the country's traditional trends, with expansion of agriculture for export and reduction of family farming, which still absorbs the largest share of occupation in rural areas.

Keywords:
agricultural modernization; household famers; factor analyse; Paraná

Variable	Description
Land Structure
Gini	Gini Index
Technology and capitalization
Tractors	Proportion of farms with a tractor
Service	Proportion of farms with access to technical assistance
Lime	Proportion of establishments using limestone
Fertilizers	Proportion of establishments using fertilizers and correctives
Pesticides	Proportion of establishments using pesticides
Production value	Production value per area farmed
Land use
Temporary farming	Proportion of area under temporary crops per total occupied area
Planted forests	Proportion of area with planted forests per total occupied area
Cattle	Cattle and buffalo by area farmed
Milk	Milk per area farmed
Corn and beans	Proportion of area under corn and beans per area farmed
Soybeans	Proportion of soybean area per area farmed
Labor
Temporary	Proportion of HES from temporary labor
Family	Proportion of family labor HES
Female	Proportion of HES of female labor
Producer and establishments
Cooperative members	Proportion of establishments in cooperatives
Family Farming	Proportion of establishments in family farming
Producer	Proportion of establishments with female producers
Qualified	Proportion of producers with complete secondary education or more

Variable	2006	2017	Variation
Land Structure
Gini	0.73	0.75	3.58
Technology and capitalization
Tractors	36.16	35.32	−2.32
Technical assistance	47.96	48.60	1.32
Lime	39.29	29.90	−23.91
Fertilizers	58.83	67.94	15.50
Pesticides	55.93	63.81	14.09
Production value	306.52	479.55	56.45
Land use
Temporary farming	39.62	47.17	19.06
Planted forests	12.59	21.10	67.67
Cattle and buffalo	79.84	75.04	−6.01
Milk	17.04	29.95	75.77
Corn and beans	18.04	22.67	25.71
Soybeans	25.13	32.35	28.71
Labor
Temporary	10.12	15.77	55.92
Family	76.95	72.71	−5.51
Female	29.03	23.47	−19.15
Producer and establishments
Cooperative	29.29	38.51	31.46
Family Farming	78.85	71.10	−9.82
Producer	9.05	12.99	43.61
Qualified	19.49	32.78	68.15

Variable	F1	F2	F3	F4	Communality
Gini	−0.406	−0.454	0.218	−0.414	0.590
Tractors	0.649	−0.236	−0.162	−0.198	0.543
Service	0.818	−0.129	−0.268	0.066	0.762
Lime	0.441	−0.062	−0.430	−0.241	0.441
Fertilizers	0.828	0.104	0.004	−0.020	0.697
Pesticides	0.120	0.376	−0.694	−0.184	0.671
Production value	0.438	0.007	0.287	0.092	0.283
Temporary crops	0.883	−0.134	−0.101	−0.138	0.827
Planted forests	−0.188	0.162	0.623	−0.260	0.517
Cattle and buffalo	−0.504	0.116	−0.088	0.719	0.793
Milk	0.213	0.223	0.246	0.587	0.500
Corn and beans	0.771	0.029	−0.003	−0.033	0.596
Soybeans	0.820	−0.027	−0.049	−0.099	0.685
Permanent workforce	0.037	−0.750	0.072	−0.118	0.583
Family labor	−0.015	0.825	0.121	0.122	0.711
Female labor	−0.189	0.729	0.113	0.090	0.587
Cooperative	0.745	−0.231	−0.171	0.252	0.701
Family farming	0.032	0.739	−0.175	0.119	0.591
Female producer	−0.330	−0.083	0.614	−0.096	0.502
Qualified producer	0.316	−0.787	0.181	0.121	0.767
Variance explained (%)	43.27	27.76	14.62	11.07

Regions	F1	F2	F3	F4
1	−0.826	−0.383	0.138	0.942
2	1.081	0.100	−1.118	−0.655
3	−1.128	0.533	−0.496	0.140
4	−0.128	−1.771	0.158	0.044
5	−0.848	−0.009	1.524	−1.097
6	1.274	−0.476	0.483	−0.087
7	0.302	1.223	−0.714	0.623
8	−0.050	0.738	0.303	−0.781
9	−0.395	−0.617	−1.047	−0.161
10	0.695	0.588	1.024	1.699

Group	2006		2017
Group	Municipality	(%)	Municipality	(%)
1	15	1.75	71	4.51
2	80	10.03	1	11.78
3	91	15.79	1	6.77
4	2	9.27	68	9.02
5	13	17.54	53	10.78
6	1	1.75	100	10.28
7	66	3.26	1	12.53
8	58	12.78	50	12.78
9	73	18.55	0	11.53
10	0	9.27	54	10.03
Total	399	100	399	100

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[1] Source: Research data.