Abstract

The mangrove represents an ecosystem that marks the transition between terrestrial and marine environments and is considered as an important ecological indicator for the ecosystem services provided. However, even with its ecological importance, this ecosystem suffers human pressures and has been losing area and environmental quality. In Brazil, and particularly in Paranaguá, a number of anthropic uses have caused strong pressures on mangroves. Therefore, the main objective of this research is to assess the degree of anthropization of the urban mangroves in the city of Paranaguá (PR), through the use of very high spatial resolution images, obtained from Remotely Piloted Aircraft in order to support municipal policies for land-use planning. The methodological scope adopted involved the production of maps with the QGIS 3.10 software, from the photointerpretation of orthomosaics obtained through a field campaign. The anthropization classes adopted in the legend were: Household Garbage (i), Debris (construction material) (ii), Untreated domestic effluents (residential) (iii) and Shackle (iv). As results, it was identified 475 points of anthropic pressure on the 22 mangrove patches analyzed. The main class was household garbage, followed respectively by untreated domestic effluents (residential), debris (construction material) and, finally, shackles. The conclusions point out that the use of high-resolution orthomosaics proved to be an important and effective tool in analyzing the anthropization of urban mangroves, highlighting the areas with higher pressure and contributing to a continuous monitoring. The products of this research can help in the elaboration of land-use planning instruments for the municipality, emphasizing the need for the construction of a holistic view in favor of mangrove conservation.

Keywords:
Environmental Degradation; Remote Sensing; Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA); Environmental Planning; Parana’s Coast