Germinação e vigor de genótipos de soja sob estresse salino

Alves, Francisco A. T.; Lins, Hamurábi A.; Albuquerque, José R. T. de; Paiva, Emanoela P. de; Oliveira, Francisco de A. de; Silveira, Lindomar M. da; Mendonça, Vander; Barros Júnior, Aurélio P.

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Articles • Rev. bras. eng. agríc. ambient. 26 (12) • Dez 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n12p939-946 copiar

Germinação e vigor de genótipos de soja sob estresse salino

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO

A soja destaca-se entre as culturas com maior aplicação da transgenia, principalmente para tolerância a herbicidas, pragas e doenças, mas são escassos estudos sobre estresse salino em plantas geneticamente modificadas. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a tolerância ao estresse salino de genótipos de soja, tradicionais e geneticamente modificadas, nas fases de germinação e plântulas. Para tanto, foram utilizadas sementes de 13 genótipos de soja, sendo cinco tradicionais (BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, BRS Sambaíba e FTR-4389) e oito transgênicas (BRS Sambaíba RR, BRS-333-RR, BRS-9820-RR, PAS-13565-74-RR, PAS-11711-007-RR, BRS-918-IPRO, AS-3810-IPRO e M-8210-IPRO), submetidas a quatro potenciais osmóticos (0.0; -0.1; -0.2 e -0.3 MPa). A qualidade das sementes foi avaliada a partir das seguintes variáveis: porcentagem de germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, comprimento da parte aérea, comprimento de raiz, acúmulo de massa seca e índice de tolerância à salinidade. Todas as variáveis foram afetadas pelo estresse salino. Os genótipos convencionais BRS Carnaúba, BRS Pérola, BRS Tracajá, BRS Sambaíba, bem como do grupo RR PAS-13565-74-RR e PAS-11711-007-RR são tolerantes à salinidade. Os genótipos FTR-4389 (convencional) BRS Sambaíba RR (RR) são menos tolerantes ao estresse salino. Todos os genótipos do grupo IPRO são moderadamente tolerantes ao estresse salino.

Palavras-chave:
Glycine max L.; qualidade de sementes; salinidade

Cultivars	Origin
Conventional
BRS Carnaúba	Embrapa Meio-Norte
BRS Pérola	Embrapa Meio-Norte
BRS Tracajá	Embrapa Meio-Norte
BRS Sambaiba	Embrapa Meio-Norte
FTR 4389	Fazenda Tavares Melo
Transgenic
BRS Sambaíba	Embrapa Meio-Norte
BRS 333 RR	Embrapa Meio-Norte
BRS 9820 RR	Embrapa Meio-Norte
PAS 13565-74 RR	Embrapa Meio-Norte
PAS 11711 007 RR	Embrapa Meio-Norte
BRS 918 IPRO	Embrapa Meio-Norte
AS 3810 IPRO	Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros)
M-8210-IPRO	Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros)

Variation sources	DF	Mean squares
Variation sources	DF	GER	GSI	SL	RL	MS
Genotypes (G)	12	288.08**	194.19**	17.19**	30.59**	88.71**
Salinity (S)	3	44.61*	131.65**	68.67**	71.92**	284.77**
G x S	36	27.46*	13.89**	5.65**	7.07**	40.97**
Residue	104	13.13	3.06	0.77	2.59	4.02
CV (%)		3.80	6.83	15.34	20.35

Genotypes	Osmotic potential (MPa)				Regression equations	R²
Genotypes	0	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	Regression equations	R²
BRS Carnaúba	97.33 a	94.67 a	96.67 a	96.67 a	Not significant	---
BRS Pérola	93.33 b	94.67 a	95.33 a	97.33 a	Not significant	---
BRS Tracajá	98.67 a	99.33 a	98.00 a	99.33 a	Not significant	---
BRS Sambaíba	97.33 a	94.67 a	98.00 a	98.00 a	Not significant	---
FTR-4389	100.00 a	98.00 a	96.00 a	95.33 a	Not significant	---
BRS Sambaíba RR	99.33 a	99.33 a	100.00 a	100.00 a	Not significant	---
BRS-333-RR	90.00 b	93.33 a	96.00 a	98.67 a	Y = 28.7**x + 90.20	0.99
BRS-9820-RR	100.00 a	87.33 b	87.50 a	86.67 b	Y = 296.0x² + 128.62*x + 99.31	0.92
PAS-13565-74-RR	98.00 a	97.33 a	96.00 a	98.00 a	Not significant	---
PAS-11711-007-RR	96.67 a	95.33 a	99.33 a	100.00 a	Not significant	---
BRS-918-IPRO	100.00 a	98.67 a	99.33 a	100.00 a	Not significant	---
AS-3810-IPRO	96.00 a	94.00 a	92.00 a	87.33 b	Y = –28**x + 96.53	0.95
M-8210-IPRO	90.67b	77.33 c	76.67 b	80.67 c	Y = 433.33*x² + 160.67x + 90.27	0.97

Genotypes	Osmotic potential (MPa)				Regression equations	R²
Genotypes	0	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	Regression equations	R²
BRS Carnaúba	39.08 a	31.44 a	28.67 a	22.53 b	Y = –52.44**x + 38.30	0.97
BRS Pérola	28.06 c	30.21 a	28.72 a	27.22 a	Y = –92.25*x² – 23.36x + 28.24	0.86
BRS Tracajá	27.89 c	28.72 a	30.22 a	28.17 a	Not significant	---
BRS Sambaíba	31.58 b	30.31 a	30.14 a	26.56 a	Y = –15.25**x + 31.93	0.83
FTR-4389	25.27 c	25.56 b	23.56 c	20.92 b	Y = –14.75**x + 26.01	0.82
BRS Sambaíba RR	25.11 c	26.33 b	24.94 b	24.44 b	Not significant	---
BRS-333-RR	33. 94 b	29.39 a	28.67 a	26.94 a	Y = –21.72**x + 32.99	0.88
8 BRS-9820-RR	26.28 c	21.11 c	20.28 d	18.47 b	Y = –24.25**x + 25.17	0.87
PAS-13565-74-RR 9	27.53 c	25.11 b	26.33 b	24.72 b	Not significant	---
PAS-11711-007-RR	25.39 c	27.94 a	26.55 b	24.61 b	Y = –112.28x² – 29.94x + 25.55	0.91
BRS-918-IPRO	25.61 c	27.78 b	27.50 b	24.28 b	Not significant	---
AS-3810-IPRO	21.53 d	20.94 c	18.39 e	17.00 c	Y = –16.14**x + 21.89	0.95
M-8210-IPRO	21.64 d	18.25 c	16.44 e	15.47 c	Y = –20.31**x + 21.00	0.93

Genotypes	Osmotic potential (MPa)				Regression equations	R²
Genotypes	0	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	Regression equations	R²
BRS Carnaúba	3.33 e	5.25 c	4.25 b	1.75 b	Y = –110.50*x² – 27.41x + 3.40	0.98
BRS Pérola	1.91 e	4.67 c	4.75 b	3.17 b	Y = –108.50*x² – 36.41x + 1.96	0.99
BRS Tracajá	4.08 d	8.42 a	7.55 a	5.75 a	Y = –135.51*x² – 50.19x + 4.29	0.92
BRS Sambaíba	6.25 b	6.15 b	6.42 a	4.08 a	Y = –56.02x² – 10.56x + 6.10	0.88
FTR-4389	7.58 a	9.08 a	5.25 b	2.83 b	Y = –98.01x² – 11.32*x + 7.92	0.90
BRS Sambaíba RR	7.73 a	6.12 b	7.02 a	4.72 a	Y = –8.83**x + 7.45	0.85
BRS-333-RR	7.21 b	6.97 b	7.95 a	4.77 a	Y = –73.51*x² – 15.71x + 6.94	0.74
BRS-9820-RR	7.98 a	5.05 c	4.75 b	2.09 b	Y = –17.99**x + 7.67	0.93
PAS-13565-74-RR	5.53 c	8.38 a	7.65 a	3.90 a	Y = –165.25*x² – 43.68x + 5.55	0.99
PAS-11711-007-RR	8.45 a	8.71 a	8.37 a	5.56 a	Y = –76.75*x² – 14.02x + 8.36	0.97
BRS-918-IPRO	9.30 a	7.73 a	6.10 a	4.30 a	Y = –16.64**x + 9.35	0.99
AS-3810-IPRO	7.92 a	6.51 b	4.30 b	3.42 b	Y = –15.70**x + 7.89	0.98
M-8210-IPRO	6.75 b	6.59 b	3.78 b	3.15 b	Y = –13.61**x + 7.11	0.88

Genotypes	Osmotic potential (MPa)				Regression equations	R²
Genotypes	0	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	Regression equations	R²
BRS Carnaúba	6.00 c	9.58 c	5.75 b	3.92 c	Y = –135.25*x² – 30.50x + 6.47	0.74
BRS Pérola	4.42 c	7.83 c	7.33 a	5.33 c	Y = –135.25*x² – 42.80x + 4.54	0.96
BRS Tracajá	5.08 c	13.67 a	9.33 a	7.17 b	Y = –268.75*x² – 82.55x + 5.84	0.72
BRS Sambaíba	8.50 b	9.33 c	7.25 a	7.42 b	Not significant	---
FTR 4389	12.08 a	12.25 a	8.25 a	6.75 b	Y = –20.00**x + 12.83	0.87
BRS Sambaíba RR	9.98 b	8.80 c	7.90 a	7.33 b	Y = –8.85*x + 9.83	0.98
BRS-333-RR	9.33 b	6.89 c	7.60 a	6.12 c	Y = –8.92*x + 8.82	0.71
BRS-9820-RR	9.72 b	7.61 c	5.77 b	4.86 c	Y = –16.42**x + 9.45	0.98
PAS-13565-74-RR	8.37 b	7.97 c	7.25 a	4.95 c	Y = –10.97**x + 8.78	0.86
PAS-11711-007-RR	11.55 a	10.91 b	10.72 a	10.43 a	Not significant	---
BRS-918-IPRO	12.00 a	10.23 b	7.30 a	7.29 b	Y = –17.02**x + 11.76	0.90
AS-3810-IPRO	8.73 b	10.03 b	6.63 a	7.68 b	Not significant	---
M-8210-IPRO	6.37 c	7.24 c	5.50 b	3.80 c	Y = –64.25*x² – 9.82x + 6.50	0.94

Genotypes	Osmotic potential (MPa)				Regression equations	R²
Genotypes	0	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3	Regression equations	R²
BRS Carnaúba	14.44 d	27.39 b	25.67 b	13.13 c	Y = –637.25*x² – 185.53x + 14.63	0.99
BRS Pérola	17.93 d	25.80 b	25.40 b	21.26 b	Y = –300.25*x² – 99.66x + 18.16	0.97
BRS Tracajá	20.93 c	36.06 a	32.47 a	26.97 a	Y = –515.75*x² – 169.25x + 21.77	0.89
BRS Sambaíba	27.87 a	30.60 b	27.24 b	24.66 a	Y = –132.75x² – 26.83x + 28.21	0.87
FTR-4389	38.00 a	37.90 a	29.87 b	19.00 b	Y = –269.25x² – 15.74x + 38.25	0.99
BRS Sambaíba RR	32.67 a	31.75 b	26.45 b	24.35 a	Y = –30.26**x + 33.34	0.94
BRS-333-RR	34.63 a	33.65 a	25.67 b	24.25 a	Y = –39.12*x + 35.42	0.89
BRS-9820-RR	38.23 a	26.13 b	22.90 b	18.73 b	Y = –61.73**x + 35.76	0.90
PAS-13565-74-RR	15.30 d	29.90 b	26.60 b	18.50 b	Y = –576.50*x² – 175.55x + 15.95	0.94
PAS-11711-007-RR	26.27 b	33.53 a	37.60 a	25.87 a	Y = –474.75*x² – 145.30x + 25.64	0.90
BRS-918-IPRO	39.50 a	38.65 a	33.66 a	26.54 a	Y = –43.87**x + 41.17	0.99
AS-3810-IPRO	36.17 a	33.54 a	26.00 b	22.63 a	Y = –48.16**x + 36.81	0.96
M-8210-IPRO	31.13 a	38.33 a	28.25 b	19.53 b	Y = –398.01*x² – 74.52x + 32.06	0.90

Genotypes	Osmotic potential (MPa)
Genotypes	-0.1	-0.2	-0.3
BRS Carnaúba	0.0 T*	0.0 T	9.1 T
BRS Pérola	0.0 T	0.0 T	0.0 T
BRS Tracajá	0.0 T	0.0 T	0.0 T
BRS Sambaíba	0.0 T	2.3 T	11.5 T
FTR-4389	0.3 T	21.4 MT	50.0 MS
BRS Sambaíba RR	2.8 T	19.0 T	25.5 MT
BRS-333-RR	2.8 T	25.9 MT	30.0 MT
BRS-9820-RR	31.7 MT	40.1 MS	51.0 MS
PAS-13565-74-RR	0.0 T	0.0 T	0.0 T
PAS-11711-007-RR	0.0 T	0.0 T	1.5 T
BRS-918-IPRO	2.2 T	14.8 T	32.8 MT
AS-3810-IPRO	7.3 T	28.1 MT	37.4 MT
M-8210-IPRO	0.0 T	9.3 T	37.3 MT

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[1] * Corresponding author - E-mail: hamurabilins@gmail.com